(From Lognet 91/3)

Lo Cninu Purda (New Words)

By Stephen L. Rice

This time we have the electronic equipment terms I promised, plus a few new productive affixes and contributions from a couple of new word-makers: Jeremy Dunn (JD) and Michael Demoulin (MD).

1. Theme Words: Electronic Equipment

rajrirda <(k)raj(u)+rirda = scratch-record> is a record of..made by..playing at..RPM 2-Cpx ’91 (The distinctive feature is the grooves.)

rajrirmai <(k)raj(u)+rir(da)+ma(tc)i = scratch-record-machine> is a phonograph/record-player 3-Cpx ’91

banda <3/4 E band, 2/3 C dai, 2/5 R lenta, 2/5 S cinta, 4/4 F bande, 3/4 G Band (in a sense 4/4; in the plural, the “d” is voiced)> 52% is a quantity of tape/ribbon C-Prim ’91

bandyrirda <banda+rirda = tape-record> is a tape-recording of..made by.. 2-Cpx ’91

bandyrirmai <banda+rir(da)+ma(tc)i = tape-record-machine> is a tape-player. 3-Cpx ’91 (Bandyrirduomai could be used for recorders, bandyrirplimai for players only. I use -rirduo- to escape an ambiguity: -rirmaomai suggests to me a record-making machine, one that turns out records or tapes at a factory.)

rirbanda <rir(da)+banda = record-tape> is a quantity of recording tape from... 2-Cpx ’91 (In this case, a distinction between the medium and the record is useful. Should a pedant wish to produce the same effect in other cases, -rae could be used, as in rajrirdyrae. Magbanda is a possible synonym for rirbanda.)

sonbanda <son(da)+banda = sound-tape> is a quantity of audio tape from...

rirbandyveo <rir(da)+banda+ve(sl)o = record-tape-vessel> is a cassette (of any kind) 3-Cpx ’91

sonbandyveo <son(da)+banda+ve(sl)o = sound-tape-vessel> is an audio cassette 3-Cpx ’91

litrirda <lit(la)+rirda = light-record> is a compact disc of..made by.. 2-Cpx ’91 (I suspect we could get away with CD [CaiDai]; it’s used in all the Indo-European languages I checked and in Japanese [shi di]. Again, pedants may prefer [cmaly]lasheryrirda, but that’s their problem.)

vidhe <video> is graphic output to screen..from camera.. I-Prim ‘91

vidhybanda <vidhe+banda = video-tape> is a quantity of videotape from.. 2-Cpx ’91

vidhybandyveo <vidhe+banda+ve(sl)o = video-tape-vessel> is a video cassette 3-Cpx ’91

vidhyrirda <vidhe+rirda> is a video[tape] of..made by... (Pedants may insert -bandy- if they must, but it’s usually not necessary.)

vidhyrirmai <vidhe+rir(da) +ma(tc)i = video-record-machine> is a VCR 3-Cpx ’91

rirpli <rir(da)+pli(zo) = record-use> play record/tape...on machine.. 2-Cpx ’91

kukrirpli <kuk(ra)+rir(da)+pli(zo) = fast-record-use> fast-forwards record/tape..to position..on machine.. 3-Cpx ’91

bankukrirpli<ban(de)+kuk(ra)+rir(da)+pli(zo) = beyond-fast-record-use> fast-forward past/”zap”..on record..on machine.. 4-Cpx ’91

vizkukrirpli <viz(ka)+kuk(ra)+rir(da)+pli(zo) = see-fast-record-use> scans..on fast-forward on machine.. 4-Cpx ’91

fanrirpli <fan(ve)+rir(da)+pli(zo) = reverse-record-use> rewinds..to position..on machine.. 3-Cpx ’91

vizfanrirpli <viz(ka)+fan(ve)+rir(da)+pli(zo) = see-reverse-record-use> scans..on rewind on machine.. 4-Cpx ’91

rirpazmao <rir(da)+paz(da)+ ma(dz)o = record-wait-make> pauses record..in machine..

rirtiu <rir(da)+ti(fr)u = record-offer> [machine] ejects/offers record..

rirtiumao <rir(da)+ti(fr)u+ma(dz)o = record-offer-make> ejects record.. from machine..

2. Word Families: To begin with, words relating to marriage and based on merji:

nermerji <ner+merji = one-marriage> is married (only) to.., a monogamous marriage. 2-Cpx ’91 MD

nerpormerji <ner+por+merji = one-[event-of]-marriage> is married once to.. 3-Cpx ’91 (Weird, but sometimes useful. Note related forms with tor-, ror-, sur-, and even [for strange people] nir-. Nirpormerji is considerably more emphatic than just normerji.)

rorfuamerji <ror+fu(mn)a+merji = many-woman-marriage> is married to women.., a polygynous marriage. 3-Cpx ’91 MD

rormeumerji <ror+m(r)e(n)u+merji = many-man-marriage> is married to men.., a polyandrous marriage. 3-Cpx ’91 MD [I'd like to see fem/men used here, instead of fua/meu; it would make these words zoologically quite general.—JCB]

rormermerji <ror+mer(ji)+merji = many-spouse-marriage> is married to spouses.., a general polygamous marriage. 3-Cpx ’91

rormerji <ror+merji = many-marriage> X [a plural set] are married to each other, forming family.., a group marriage. 2-Cpx ’91 MD

zvomerji <zvo(to)+merji = outside-marriage> is married to outsider.., an exogamous marriage. 2-Cpx ’91 MD (This refers to marriage outside some social group; modify with gunti, kultu, lidji, or specypai [race] if necessary.)

nenmerji <nen(ri)+merji = in-marriage> is married to insider/fellowgroup-member.. 2-Cpx ’91 MD

Some productive terms:

nurmer- <nur+mer(ji) = [1st passive]-married> = in-law, as

nurmermaa <nur+mer(ji)+ma(tm)a = [1st passive]-married-mother> is the mother-in-law of..by [her] child.. 3-Cpx ’91(Some languages have different words depending on the sex of the child. This can be accommodated by replacing nur- with either fuar- or mre- as needed.)

mer+kinship term refers to a relative gained through (re)marriage:

merfarfu <mer(ji)+farfu = marriage-father> is the step-father of..through mother.. 2-Cpx ’91

Finally, though they aren’t merji-based:

tcihytia <tciha + ti(sr)a = child-choose> adopts child..from parent(s)/guardian(s).. 2-Cpx ’91 and its related productive forms:

nurtia- (“adopted”) and tis- (“adoptive”):

nurtiasunho <nur+ti(sr)a+sunho = [1st passive]-choose-son> is an adopted son of..with biological parents.. 3-Cpx ’91

tisfarfu <tis(ra)+farfu = choose-father> is the adoptive father of..from parent(s)/guardian(s)..

I’ve decided to throw in some productive affixes here. I’ll begin with an idea from another purmao, Jeremy Dunn, who has proposed numbering digits, i.e.,

nerdedjo <ner+dedjo = first-finger> is the thumb of.. 2-Cpx ’91 JD [Note that this does not replace dampu; it is only a synonym for it. Likewise, anyone who wants to speak of rindedjo <rin(je)+dedjo = ring-finger> is the ring-finger of..in culture.. 2-Cpx ’91 may do so. (Which finger normally bears a ring or is used to point varies from culture to culture, so this approach is more general.) Further, the numbers refer to the normal position of a digit with respect to the species in question: missing digits aren’t subtracted from the count. The beauty of this scheme is that it works well for non-human hands/paws/claws.

The following forms are so productive I’m only going to sketch their use here. They are taken from Hogben’s Interglossa (the original words being tracte, apo and perde, respectively; in Glosa, apo and lose). We begin with tokna, which refers to removing an object or quality from ba:

blutoa <blu(di)+to(kn)a = blood-take> bleeds/takes blood from.. 2-Cpx ’91

blutoaspi <blu(di)+to(kn)a+spi(cu) = blood-take-spirit> is a vampire according to tradition/mythos.. 3-Cpx ’91 (In case you were stuck in translating Dracula into Loglan.)

biltoa <bil(ti)+to(kn)a = beauty-take> strips..of its beauty by.. 2-Cpx ’91 [Note that when a quality is removed, you should add a place to tell how. (With objects, this would be handled by tie.) The quality-removals are generally both shorter and more dramatic than the “equivalent” nor__mao (norbilmao) form. Usually, you don’t need to specify that you’re talking about a quality, but sometimes it’s necessary. For example, tsitoa (“criminally-take”) is already defined as “steal”, so we infix -kai- (ka(tl)i = quality) to get:]

tsikaitoa <tsi(me)+ka(tl)i+to(kn)a = criminal-quality-take> decriminalizes../makes..legal in legal system..by [decree/bill/etc.].. 3-Cpx ’91

Dirlu refers simply to the loss of an object or quality. Note the affix changes:

durzo (dru dur duo)—>(dur duo)

dirlu (-)—>(dru)

bludru <blu(di)+d(i)r(l)u = blood-lose> bleeds/loses blood 2-Cpx ’91

bludrumalpeu <blu(di)+d(i)r(l)u+mal(bi)+pe(rn)u = blood-lose-sick-person> is a hemophiliac 4-Cpx ’91 (Doctors will probably want to borrow hemhofiliypeu instead.)[A "malbi" already is a sick person; so the -peu in ?malpeu is redundant. So is it in ?hemhofiliypeu; hemhofili will do just as well. In other words, in Loglandia a "hemhofili" is someone who suffers from hemophilia. See L1:436-37.—JCB]

bildru <bil(ti)+d(i)r(l)u = beauty-lose> fades/loses its beauty 2-Cpx ’91

As an example of the relationship between tokna and dirlu, consider:

koltoa <kol(ro)+to(kn)a = color-take> fades/bleaches/removes the color from..by.. 2-Cpx ’91

koodru <ko(lr)o+d(i)r(l)u = color-lose> fades/loses color from/by.. 2-Cpx ’91 [Koldru is better. The CPX-making algorithm now favors continuant-final CVCs over disyllabic CVVs non-finally.—JCB]

Last group: addictions and inclinations:

-fundi means “fond of/enjoying-” (similar to Esperanto -em-):

gesfundi <ges(ko)+fundi = guest-fond> is hospitable/fond of guests. 2-Cpx ’91 (This is more general than the following term.)

geocka <ge(sk)o+ cka(no) = guest-kind> is hospitable/kind to guest... 2-Cpx ’91

turfundi <tur(ka)+fundi = work-fond> is industrious/fond of work. 2-Cpx ’91

-nurpoi, however, refers to an addiction:

turnurpoi <tur(ka)+nur+po(rl)i = work-[1st passive]-master> is a workaholic/is mastered by the desire to work. 3-Cpx ‘91

likrynurpoi <likro+nur+po(rl)i = liquor-[1st passive]-master> is an alcoholic/is mastered by the craving for alcohol. 3-Cpx ’91

Between -fundi and -nurpoi is -pulso, referring to someone with strong but still controllable urges. (I’m not sure we make this distinction in English.)

3. Miscellaneous

pasnurvia <pas(ko)+nur+ vi(zk)a = before-[1st passive]-see>experiences deja-vu in situation.., an irrational feeling that something is familiar. 3-Cpx ’91 MD (An alternative would be

pakspefio <pa(s)k(o)+spe(ni)+fi(lm)o =before-exper-ience-feel>, which would be more general.)

norpasnurvia <nor+pas(ko)+nur+vi(zk)a = not-before-[1st passive]-see>experiences jamais-vu in situation.., an irrational feeling that something is unfamiliar. 3-Cpx ’91 MD

The next one is an expansion of the established place-structure:

duvrai <duv(ri)+(t)ra(t)i = discover-try> explore region..to find object/knowledge.. 2-Cpx ’91 MD

4. Reactions:

Bill Gober pointed out a while back that some of the primitive predicates needed further unpacking. Here is a late response (no affixes have been changed):

canse—>tcane <3/5 E chance, 2/5 C ouran, 2/6 H sanyog, 3/4 R shans,3/4 F chance, 4/6 J chansu, 3/4 G chance> 48%

curdi—>surba <2/5 E insure, 2/3 C bao, 3/7 R straxov, 2/6 S asegurar, 3/4 F assurer> 38%

sirna—>sirto <3/4 E certain, 5/6 S cierto, 2/3 F sur> 33%

5. Problems: None.

Next time, book and media genres and related terms. In two issues, household words.

Hapci purmao! —SLR